Narcissism as a psychological
definition is typically seen as self-involved attitudes and behavior where there
is little or no empathy for others. Narcissistic wounding starts early in life
to children whose parents are insecure, abusive, addictive or have narcissistic
patterns themselves.
Narcissistic injury happens to the
child when his or her emotional needs are not met. The narcissistic parent has
unresolved needs for attention and caretaking because his or her needs were not
met in their early life. Neglect, physical, mental and sexual abuse, being
spoiled and not given structure and limits create the wounding. Narcissism can
be an inflated ego sub part or the trait can take over the personality.
Narcissistic attitudes and behavior come from the ego defenses that function as
smoke screens to hide the deep shame and fractures that came from being hurt
emotionally or physically as a child.
The
child who was not allowed to have boundaries becomes energetically and
developmentally arrested at this level with beliefs of not being safe in the
world and being unworthy and unlovable. Thus the Shadow is born with the
defenses and negative core beliefs becoming set in the child's repertoire. The
child carries this primitive, self-defense core of fear even into adulthood.
This is called the "Core Script" or Core Identity, which is like a big lens of
perception by which the world is viewed. The defenses remain lurking in the
unconscious mind ready to be called into action at any resemblance of threat.
The False
Self --Narcissism or Codependency
We
can be a little bit hurt or a lot hurt by neglect, abuse or trauma. The depth of
the wound to the psyche determines the severity of the insult to the child's
personality and a loss of the true self for the child. A false self develops
along with a fragile self esteem of defining identity as feeling good when being
given to or giving to others. The child is stuck in early primitive defenses and
cannot go through the stage of normal separation from the parents that is
necessary for growth.
Children of a difficult, more
stubborn temperament defend against being supportive of others in the house.
They observe how the selfish parents get his needs met by others. They learn how
manipulation and using guilt gets the parent what he or she wants. They develop
a false self and use aggression and intimidation to get their way.
The
sensitive, guilt-ridden children in the family learn to meet the parent's needs
for gratification and try to get love by accommodating the whims and wishes of
the parent. The child's normal feelings are ignored, denied and eventually
repressed in attempts to gain the parent's "love." Guilt and shame keep the
child locked into this developmental arrest. Their aggressive impulses become
split off and are not integrated with normal development. These children grow up
learning to give too much and develop a false self of becoming co-dependent in
their relationships.
Living on
Fantasy Island
People with narcissistic thinking
and behavior strive to defend their fragile self esteem through fantasy and have
blind spots in their thinking. Living in a fantasy world where all their needs
are met and unrealistic expectations take the place of life. They become
involved in material things, vanity, and are shallow developing excessive life
long interest in things that are not real such as movies, rock stars, soap
operas and video games. They fear their feelings, gaining deep friendships and
intimacy and cannot develop mature love relationships.
Fantasy can become an attempt to
not see what is really there in order to build up a fragile self-esteem. People
with narcissistic traits process information, emotions and unresolved pain to
make up for what they did not have in childhood. They often place unrealistic
demands on others to make them feel better. They cannot tolerate negative
emotional distress and turn it on others and blame them instead of looking
within to see their own part of the problem. This is the defense of projection
-- what the person does not like in him or her self, they get angry at others
who may have some of that same trait. Projecting one's anger onto others instead
of using it to learn and grow is always limiting.
Self
image is distorted with the narcissistic point of view and the person believes
that he is superior to others. An inflated self-esteem is a defense to cover up
their sense of shame deep within. Grandiosity is an insidious error in thinking
that prevents them from blaming themselves and becoming depressed or
disintegrated. Creeping narcissism in a person is their succumbing to the
gradual demands of selfishness and entitlement by giving in to "I am special"
beliefs.
Narcissistic
Defenses --the Need to Feel Good at all Costs
Selfish people usually insist on
having things their own way at the expense of others. The need to impose getting
one's way over others is an unreal attitude and expectation that sets other
people off against them. When the person with narcissistic tendencies doesn't
get what he or she wanted, he feels devalued. Since they cannot tolerate the
feelings of fear, hurt, anxiety, helplessness and despair, they defend against
them. They deny and rationalize their own contribution to the problems to
preserve their own internal fantasy of being all good and right.
People with narcissistic tendencies
have errors in thinking which prevents them from seeing things how they are from
both sides of the picture. Not wanting to feel bad inside, they build defenses
such as denial, repression and a strong need to be right. When the person has
severe traits, they can feel an increase in self-esteem when they get what they
want and feel no remorse or justify their using others. John Masterson called
this rigid type of thinking a "Swiss Cheese Brain" with holes in the brain and
mind where good common sense and conscience should be.
Some
even get a sense of feeling superior when they get their way or make others feel
bad. This is the dynamic underlying bullying. (See my video, It's not Okay to
Feel Good by Making Others Feel Bad at http://www.angriesout.com/ to understand
this dynamic.) When hurting others becomes a hook into feelings
self-satisfaction, the narcissism takes an ugly turn. There is a cost to this
false sense of self-esteem. People who abuse and bully others end up being
lonely because others do not want to be around them.
People with narcissistic behavior
cannot handle criticism in any way and feel that they are being made wrong. .
They are supersensitive to criticism and either attack the other person or they
leave the scene. This blaming the person who gives criticism helps the person
with narcissistic defenses avoid feeling guilt, shame and depression but it also
keeps them from taking responsibility for learning from their mistakes and
ultimately from growing up.
They
can pout and give the silent treatment or hold grudges. This combination of
these defenses that distort reality often set them up for failure in
partnerships.
When
the narcissistic traits are too severe and causes havoc in the lives of others,
there is a disorder. Narcissistic Personality Disorder happens when a person's
outlook is so distorted to the extent that they do not see reality as it is and
cannot see the needs of other people. These people are the takers of the world
leaving pain and destruction in their wake. If their behavior is left unchecked,
they become con artists, manipulators, sociopaths and dictators.
Without empathy for others, people
with narcissistic personality disorders can irrationally justify and rationalize
their hurtful and unlawful behaviors and may become sexual predators. Family
members who have sex with children always have some element of narcissism seeing
others as objects that are available for their own sexual satisfaction. High
intelligence coupled with a lack of empathy and remorse for hurting others is a
dangerous combination for family members. With extreme narcissistic behaviors,
the diagnosis may be a sociopath personality disorder.
The
Narcissistic Person in Relationship
The
two greatest fears we humans have in relationships are fears of engulfment
(smothering, being controlled by someone else) and fears of rejection and
abandonment. And to spice up the human drama, our greatest longings are the
needs for connection and the opposite need for space and individuality. This is
the great Cosmic joke! What a set up for problems! And so the couple dance is
set playing out these great, universal themes. People with narcissistic traits
have more of this quality than other people. They play both these fears out in
the relationships with their significant others, yearning for closeness and
fearing it the same time.
When
the narcissistic person grows up, they harbor the irrational belief that the
person they choose for a partner will give them perfect love and make up for all
the hurts and slights of their life. People with severe narcissistic traits long
for an ideal love to soothe their fragile sense of self. This yearning for
getting unconditional love is an unresolved need left over from childhood. Most
adults realize unconditional love would be nice, but understand that it rarely
happens as people we love usually hold us accountable for our actions in some
way. As we should be --no one should be allowed to impose their neediness and
bad behavior on others.
In
the narcissistic mind, there is a gap between the idealized love and the actual
day-to-day dealings with their partner. They long for symbiosis with the
idealized love to stabilize the self, but they fear being traumatized by the
partner. They seek refuge in being seen as the good guy and try to gain approval
and recognition. When this does not come forth readily, they feel wounded, hurt
and attacked. Family members learn to back off from confronting them about their
behavior and not "hurt their feelings." Without someone to put the brakes on
their unhealthy and abusive behavior, they can become tyrants.
Constantly seeking attention and
approval puts them in the precarious position of always needing something from
somebody else. As they believe that they are right and others are wrong, they
rarely admit to faults in themselves. They can verbally abuse and punish their
spouses and children without seeing the pain that they cause as they believe
that the person deserves they abuse they dish out. They may try to enlist a
child to side with them and turn against the other parent.
People with narcissistic behavior
have a sense of entitlement that allows them to break the rules of society. They
believe that the laws do not apply to them and they do not feel remorse when
they get caught. However they are upset over any inconveniences they suffer as a
result of being busted. They believe they have the right to do what ever it
takes to get short term gratification without suffering any consequences.
Lying
and distortions of reality are considered fair game to shut the other person
down. They feel free to cheat on their income tax, take what is not theirs or
cheat on their partners. Criticism of their behavior or trying to get them to
see what they are doing only causes them to entrench further into defensiveness.
When found out in a wrong doing, they get evasive, lie or get angry. They have
little or no remorse for the pain they caused the other person, only anger that
they did not get away with their behavior.
By Lynne Namka
Intimacy
Skill Defects
Narcissists have a lack of insight
about understanding and processing of feelings. Instead, they deny their
uncomfortable feelings and run from them with the exception of anger. The huge
core of shame inside must be protected by avoiding the vulnerable feelings. They
avoid taking risks to love and never learn to develop true intimacy. They would
rather threaten their relationship than face humiliation, embarrassment or
injury to their self-esteem. They are slow to learn the all important skills of
commitment such as sympathy, understanding the intentions and motives of their
partner, compassion and empathy. They may even choose someone to love who is
even more narcissistic and selfish than themselves thus mirroring their own
problems.
True
intimacy and a lasting partnership require the skills of dealing with conflict.
After the euphoria of a new relationship wears off, each partner's values and
belief systems begin to rub against each other. At this point negotiating
conflict is necessary for the relationship to continue effectively. Narcissistic
people often discount the issues in the relationship and pull away from their
partner. The narcissistic defenses of becoming angry, shutting down, minimizing
and distancing keep them feeling safe in the moment.
Intimacy is always affected. When
problems are never resolved, the partner becomes highly threatened and angry
themselves thus weakening the relationship. Typically children and partners who
suffer verbal, physical or sexual abuse become so overwhelmed and threatened
that they do not want to continue in relationship.